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- Introduction to ecosystems
- Terrestrial and aquatic biomes
- Primary productivity
- Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and water cycles
- Trophic levels
- The flow of energy in an ecosystem and the 10% rule
- Food chains and food webs
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- Introduction to biodiversity
- Ecosystem services
- Island biogeography
- Ecological tolerance
- Natural disruptions to ecosystems
- Ecological succession
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- Generalist and specialist species
- Survivorship curves
- Population growth and resource availability
- Age structure diagrams
- Human population dynamics
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- Tectonic plates
- Soil formation and erosion
- Earth's atmosphere
- Global wind patterns
- Earth's geography and climate
- El Niño and La Niña
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- The tragedy of the commons
- The Green Revolution
- Types and effects of irrigation
- Pest-control methods
- Meat production methods and overfishing
- The impacts of mining
- Urbanization and ecological footprints
- Introduction to sustainable practices including crop rotation and squaculture
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- Energy sources and fuel types
- Global energy consumption and distribution of natural resources
- Natural sources of energy, including solar power, wind, geothermal, and hydroelectric power
- Energy conservation methods
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- Introduction to air pollution
- Photochemical smog
- Indoor air pollution
- Methods to reduce air pollutants
- Acid rain
- Noise pollution
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- Sources of pollution
- Human impact on ecosystems
- Thermal pollution
- Solid waste disposal and waste reduction methods
- Pollution and human health
- Pathogens and infectious diseases
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- Ozone depletion
- Global climate change
- Ocean warming and acidification
- Invasive species
- Human impacts on diversity
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