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- The ideals of democracy as shown in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution
- Federalist and Anti-Federalist views on central government and democracy
- Separation of powers and “checks and balances”
- The relationship between the states and the national government (federalism)
- How federalism has been interpreted differently over time
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- The structures, powers, and functions of each house of Congress
- The roles and powers of the president
- The roles and powers of the Supreme Court and other federal courts
- The roles of the federal bureaucracy (departments, agencies, commissions, and government corporations)
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- The intent of the Bill of Rights
- The First Amendment (freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and freedom of the press) and how the Supreme Court has interpreted it
- The Second Amendment (the right to bear arms) and how the Supreme Court has interpreted it
- Supreme Court interpretations of other amendments
- How the due process and equal protection clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment have motivated social movements
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- How cultural and social factors affect citizens’ beliefs about government
- How polls are used to gather data about public opinion
- The ideologies of the Democratic and Republican parties
- How political ideologies affect policy on economic and social issues
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- Laws that protect the right to vote
- Why it’s hard for third parties and independent candidates to succeed
- Interest groups and their influence
- Campaign finance and its role in elections
- The media’s role in elections
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